纯天然靛蓝染料制作

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侗族蓝靛靛染是我省省级非物质文化遗产。侗族擅长纺纱织布,她们自纺自染的“侗布”是侗家男女最喜爱的衣料。“侗布”就是用织好的布,经蓝靛、白酒、牛皮汁、鸡蛋清等混合成的染液反复浸染、蒸晒、槌打而成。下面就跟着图片来了解一下最古老的染布颜料--蓝靛产生的过程。

1
采摘蓝靛草

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贵州省榕江县仁里乡仁吉侗寨的一名侗族妇女正在采摘蓝靛草。

古往今来,侗族都以蓝靛染制的侗布做衣裙,其色泽艳丽,有着山野植物的清香,古香古色。蓝靛染料的制作是做侗布的重要基础,蓝靛的制作耗时长,工艺繁杂。

2
泡蓝靛

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贵州省榕江县仁里乡仁吉侗寨的一名妇女在泡蓝靛。

现今,在贵州榕江县的侗族村寨里,侗族妇女们仍传承着传统的蓝靛制作方法。她们将采收的新鲜蓝靛草投放在大水缸里,用水浸泡。经过4至6天的浸泡后,充分发酵,至缸水呈蓝色,蓝靛草也变黑,发出靛汁馨香。

3
将发酵好的蓝靛草捞出滤汁

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贵州省榕江县仁里乡仁吉侗寨的一名侗族妇女将已充分发酵的蓝靛草捞出滤汁。

这时,妇女们就用箩筐将蓝靛草捞出滤汁。然后,用适量生石灰粉兑到蓝靛汁里,用小盆或大水勺上下“翻打”水缸里的蓝靛汁,直至缸里浮起大量的紫蓝色泡沫后,就可将靛缸盖好。

4
用生石灰兑到蓝靛液里“典汁”

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静置1至2天后,把水缸内上端的废水倒出,将留在缸底的蓝靛液放入能渗出水分的木桶或袋子里,使水分蒸发后形成蜜糖状的蓝靛膏,这样,蓝靛就制作完成了。

使用时,只需取适量蓝靛膏和水放入染缸中,加入适量食用酒即可。水分充分蒸发后的蓝靛膏在密封的环境下可贮存一年左右。

5
“翻打”蓝靛液

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贵州省榕江县仁里乡仁吉侗寨的一名妇女在“打”蓝靛。

6
倒出沉淀后的蓝靛

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贵州省榕江县仁里乡仁吉侗寨的两名侗族妇女将沉淀后的蓝靛倒入过滤袋。

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有关调查结果还表明,蓝靛这种地道的植物染料,对人体有着一定的保健作用。

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